August 12, 2026
China’s Grand Strategy in Africa: A Strategic Intelligence Assessment
A strategic intelligence assessment of China's grand strategy in Africa — basing, debt, critical minerals, digital infrastructure, and diplomacy through 2026.
Research archive
August 12, 2026
A strategic intelligence assessment of China's grand strategy in Africa — basing, debt, critical minerals, digital infrastructure, and diplomacy through 2026.
July 27, 2026
Halford Mackinder’s Heartland Theory remains a useful lens for understanding Eurasia, Eastern Europe, strategic connectivity and the limits of geographical power in modern geopolitics.